Isixhobo esikhuselekileyo se-RSA
Yenza izitshixo, uguqulele kwikhowudi kwaye ucacise imiyalezo, ngqo kwisikhangeli sakho. Umthombo ovulekileyo kwaye ugxile kubumfihlo.
Yintoni i-RSA kunye noThelekiso
Ufihlo lwe-Asymmetric (RSA)
I-RSA ngumgangatho wegolide wofihlo lwe-Asymmetric, njengoko kuchaziwe ngabasemagunyeni abanjenge-NIST (FIPS 186) kunye ne-IETF (RFC 8017).
Isebenzisa izitshixo ezibini: enye Public Key ukutshixa idatha kunye enye Private Key ukuyivula. Oku kusombulula "Ingxaki Yokutshintshiselana Ngesitshixo", ukuvumela unxibelelwano olukhuselekileyo ngaphandle kokwabelana ngeemfihlo kwangaphambili.
Vs. Symmetric Encryption (AES)
Ufihlo lwe-Symmetric (njenge-AES) lusebenzisa i-single key enye zombini ukutshixa kunye nokuvula. Iyakhawuleza kakhulu kodwa ifuna ukuhanjiswa kwesitshixo okukhuselekileyo.
The Standard Practice: Iisistim zanamhlanje zisebenzisa i-RSA ukutshintshiselana ngokukhuselekileyo nge-Secret Key engacwangciswanga yofihlo lwesymmetric (i-Hybrid Encryption), idibanisa ukuthembeka kwe-RSA kunye nesantya se-AES.
Uhlalutyo Lokhuseleko Lobungakanani Besitshixo
| Ubungakanani | Ubunzima Bokwaphula (Iindleko/Ixesha) | Ubuthathaka | Ityala Lokusetyenziswa |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1024-bit | Feasible. Yaphulwe yimibutho emikhulu. Iindleko Eziqikelelweyo: ~$10M i-hardware ~unyaka o-1. | Ithathwa njenge-Broken. Isesichengeni sohlaselo lokuqikelela njenge-Logjam. Kwanele kuphela uvavanyo lwesistim endala olungabalulekanga. | Iisistim ezindala, uvavanyo lwexeshana elifutshane. |
| 2048-bit | Infeasible (Current Tech). Izigidi zeminyaka kunye neekhompyutha zakudala. Ifuna ~14 lezigidi ze-qubits (Quantum). | Umgangatho Okhuselekileyo. Akukho bbuthathaka bakudala obaziwayo. Isesichengeni kwiiKhompyutha ze-Quantum ezinamandla zexesha elizayo (i-Algorithm yakwa-Shor). | Iwebhu (HTTPS), Izatifikethi, I-imeyile. |
| 4096-bit | Extreme. Kunzima kakhulu kune-2048. Umngcipheko ongahoyekiyo kumashumi eminyaka. | Kugqithisile kwabaninzi. "Ubuthathaka" obuphambili yindleko yokusebenza (ukusetyenziswa kwe-CPU/Ibhetri). Umngcipheko ofanayo we-Quantum njenge-2048, uyilibazisa nje. | Amaxwebhu ayimfihlo kakhulu, Izatifikethi zeengcambu. |
Isebenza Njani
Yenza Izitshixo
Dala isibini sezitshixo ezidityaniswe ngokwezibalo. Yabelana ngeSitshixo Soluntu, gcina iSitshixo Sabucala sikhuselekile.
Guqulela Idatha Kwikhowudi
Abathumeli basebenzisa iSitshixo sakho Soluntu ukutshixa umyalezo. Nje ukuba utshixiwe, kwanabo abanakukwazi ukuwuvula.
Cacisa Idatha
Usebenzisa iSitshixo sakho Sabucala esiyimfihlo ukuvula umyalezo kwaye ufunde isicatshulwa sokuqala.
Imigangatho & Imibutho Ethembekileyo
I-Cryptography yanamhlanje ixhomekeke kwimigangatho evulekileyo kunye nemibutho ethembekileyo. Silandela i-"Golden Trio" yegunya.
"Umenzi wemithetho" we-crypto yanamhlanje. Umshicileli we-FIPS 186 (Umgangatho we-RSA). Xa i-NIST icebisa umgangatho, ishishini liyalandela.
Abadali beencwadi zokusebenza ze-Intanethi (RFCs). Bagcina RFC 8017 (PKCS #1), inkcazo yobugcisa eqinisekileyo ye-RSA.
Injini enika amandla iwebhu ekhuselekileyo (HTTPS). Izitshixo zethu zenziwe ukuba zihambelane ngokupheleleyo ne-OpenSSL kunye ne-ecosystem ebanzi ye-PKI.
I-RSA Isifundo Esineenkcukacha
Ukungena okunzulu kwiimechanika ze-RSA cryptosystem.
1. Ukwenziwa kwesitshixo
Isibini sezitshixo siyenziwa:
Public Key: Can be shared openly. Used to encrypt messages.
Private Key: Must be kept SECRET. Used to decrypt messages.
2. Inkqubo Yokuguqulela Kwikhowudi
Umthumeli usebenzisa i-Public Key yomamkeli ukuguqulela umyalezo kwikhowudi. Emva kokuguqulelwa kwikhowudi, umyalezo ukhangeleka njengesicatshulwa esingacwangciswanga kwaye akunakwenzeka ukusiqonda ngaphandle kwesitshixo sabucala.
3. Inkqubo Yokucacisa
Umamkeli usebenzisa i-Private Key yabo ukucacisa umyalezo ubuye kwisicatshulwa esifundekayo. Ngokwezibalo, kuphela sisitshixo sabucala esinokuguqula umsebenzi owenziwe sisitshixo soluntu.
Qaphela ngokhuseleko
Ungaze wabelane ngeSitshixo sakho Sabucala. Esi sixhobo sisebenza nge-100% kwisikhangeli sakho. Nangona kunjalo, kwiimfihlo zexabiso eliphakamileyo, soloko usebenzisa izixhobo zemveli ezisekwe okanye iimodyuli zokhuseleko ze-hardware.
Imibuzo Ebuzwa Rhoqo
Ngaba idatha yam ithunyelwa kwiseva?
Hayi. Yonke imisebenzi yokuguqulela kwikhowudi kunye nokucacisa yenzeka ngokupheleleyo kwisikhangeli sakho usebenzisa i-JavaScript. Akukho zitshixo okanye idatha ekhe ihanjiswe.
Ngingakusebenzisa oku kwiimfihlo zemveliso?
Ngelixa izibalo ziyi-RSA eqhelekileyo, izikhangeli zewebhu zinokuba sesichengeni kwizandiso okanye kwimeko-bume ebekwe esichengeni. Kwizitshixo zokhuseleko oluphezulu ezibalulekileyo, sebenzisa izixhobo ezingekho kwi-intanethi.
Nguwuphi ubungakanani besitshixo ekufuneka ndibusebenzise?
I-2048-bit ngumgangatho wokhuseleko wangoku. I-1024-bit iyakhawuleza kodwa ayikhuselekanga kangako. I-4096-bit ikhuseleke kakhulu kodwa iyacotha kakhulu ukuyenza nokuyisebenzisa.
Kutheni ukwenziwa kwesitshixo kucotha?
Ukwenza amanani amakhulu aphambili we-RSA kufuna amandla amakhulu ekhompyutha. Kuba oku kusebenza kwi-JavaScript kwisikhangeli sakho, kungathatha imizuzwana embalwa (okanye ngaphezulu kwe-4096-bit).
Ngubani ofanele asebenzise i-RSA kwi-Intanethi?
Abaphuhlisi
Yenza izitshixo ngokukhawuleza kwimeko-bume yovavanyo okanye ukususa iimpazamo kuphunyezo lwe-crypto ngaphandle kokuseta izixhobo zendawo.
Abafundi
Funda malunga ne-public key cryptography ngokunxibelelanayo. Qonda ukuba izitshixo, ukuguqulela kwikhowudi kunye nokucacisa kusebenza njani.
Abaxhasi Bobumfihlo
Guqulela imiyalezo emifutshane eyenzelwe amajelo oluntu apho ufuna umamkeli othile kuphela ukuba ayifunde.
Abalawuli Besistim
Yenza izitshixo zethutyana zofikelelo lwe-SSH lwexesha elinye okanye iifayile zoqwalaselo (soloko usebenzisa i-2048+ bits).
Nxibelelana Nathi
Unemibuzo, ufumene impazamo okanye ufuna inkxaso? Fikelela kuthi.
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